Limestone/ marble:

A: Features and characteristics:

1- Marble or limestone is also divided into three categories: porcelain, crystal and cloudy.

2- Cloudy stone, which is a kind of marble, has light and dark non-parallel strips.

3- Marbles are usually known as one of the most important metamorphic stones.

4- Marble stones have high water absorption due to their calcareous properties and will have an influence on strength and appearance in weather conditions and climate change.

5- This stone is resistant to heat and is vulnerable to acidic substances.

Therefore, adhesive, resin or epoxy are usually used to increase the strength of marble stones. in general it can be said that marble does not have high strength.

B: Features of marble:

1- High abrasion, great variety in color and design, low porosity and relative and suitable strength after being produced.

C: Effective elements in a variety of marble colors:

1- Pure marble is white and shiny.

2- Black and gray marble is composed of carbonaceous materials.

3- Some marble stones have different colors of green, which are created due to the presence of different chlorites and silicates.

4. Some marble stones are decorated with red and pink stones, which are the result of the presence of fine particles called hemonite.

5. The presence of limonite in some marble stones causes them turn cream to yellow.

D: Elements of marble:

1- The base of this limestone is calcium carbonate and it also has magnesium carbonate, calcite, dolomite and crystal.

2- Marble is known by names such as dolomitic and calcite marble due to the amount of magnesium carbonate in it.

E: Usage of marble:

1- Due to the lack of durability against weather conditions, so most marble stones are used in the closed spaces of buildings.

2- It will be very suitable for covering the floor, interior walls of the building and stairs.

3- Marble has many calcareous streaks, which leads to water absorption and non-uniform erosion. Therefore, it should be used with caution in crowded places, kitchen floors, building facades and parking lots.

F: Marble Mines:

1- Most marble is extracted from mines in Fars, Isfahan, Azerbaijan, Lorestan, Kermanshah and Khorasan provinces.

2- Stones of the cold mines, such as Hersin and Khoy marbles, are among the most resistant types of marble due to their dense material.

G: Types of marble:

1- Turkish Late marble, Indian green marble, Porcelain Nescafe marble and other imported marbles.

2- Dehbid Marble, Abadeh Shiraz, Dehbid Khorasan (Special) Joshqan, Salsali, Adavi Marble, Bajestan, Gavoshan Kurdistan, Gandmak, Hersin, Partavousi, Khoy Marble (West Azerbaijan), Namin, Chehrak, Karamat Dihan, Si Makan, Paradise Marble (Senator), Mahkam (Diamond) Marble, Lashtar Isfahan, Golden Rose (Red Ardestan) Marble, Golden Black, Emperor, Conglomera, Black Valley Leopard, Marmara Marble and Ice Flower Marble